| Standard
Current Platforms |
Vista’s
Nanowire Platforms |
| Sensitivity |
|
Detection
of Proteins
|
|
| High
quality ELISA assays can reproducibly detect high picogram, low nanogram
range. |
NW’s
can reproducibly detect femtogram ml-1 range. NW’s provide 1000-10,000
fold improvement. NW’s use 10-4 less antibody. Sample sizes
much smaller. |
Detection
of mRNA
|
|
| 2-4
x 107 mRNA molecules without amplification. |
NW’s
can detect hybridization of a single molecule without amplification. |
|
| Sample
Labeling/Staining |
|
| Most
commercial assay for biomarkers require staining, radio-labeling,
incorporation of fluorescent molecules or use of colorimetric substrates. |
NO LABELING
REQUIRED. |
| The
target molecule is covalently modified and/or unrecoverable. |
NW’s
detect target molecules without labeling, modification or destruction
any form. Traditional labeling steps introduce variability. Sample
usable for subsequent assay. |
|
| Real-Time
Measurement: Kinetics |
|
| NOT
POSSIBLE. |
NW’s
continuously report target molecule concentration in flowing sample. |
Current
bioassays are limited to ‘snapshots’ of biological processes.
|
NW’s
may also be used to monitor dynamic changes in target proteins and
metabolites in tissue cultures. |
ELISA-based
assays do not provide information about AB-AG Affinity or On-Off rates.
|
NW’s
provide information about affinity and Off-rates in antibody-based
assays. |
|
| Simultaneous,
multiplex measurement of transcripts & proteins in the same sample |
NOT
POSSIBLE.
|
Since
NW’s require no sample labeling, they may be used to detect
proteins and gene transcripts in the same reaction. |
|
Label-Free
Enzyme Inhibition
|
|
| Typically
requires chromogenic substrates. |
NW’s
allow real-time enzyme binding or inhibition with low femtogram quantities
and no labeling. |
|